The blood–retina barrier (BRB) is the term used to define the properties of the retinal
capillaries and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which separate the systemic circulation …

Global prevalence estimates from 2019 suggest that the number of people diagnosed with
diabetes was 463 million and is projected to increase to 700 million by the year 2045. 1 The …

The prevalence of diabetes has been rising steadily in the past half-century, along with the
burden of its associated complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is currently …

Diabetic retinopathy is a microangiopathy resulting from the chronic effects of diabetes
mellitus. Healthcare professionals often work in isolation to deliver highly specialised care …

This work aims to summarize predictive biomarkers to guide treatment choice in DME.
Intravitreal anti-VEGF is considered the gold standard treatment for centers involving DME …

Aims Diabetic retinopathy (DR) can cause vision loss in patients with diabetes. The present
study evaluated the expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) and investigated …

The aim of this study is to evaluate molecules involved in oxidative stress (OS),
inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, and discern which of these are more likely to be …

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is among the major global causes for vision loss. With the rise in
diabetes prevalence, an increase in DR incidence is expected. Current understanding of …

Background Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetic microvascular complication. Pyroptosis, as a
way of inflammatory death, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of …

Retinal and choroidal diseases are major causes of blindness and visual impairment in the
developed world and on the rise due to an ageing population and diabetes epidemic …