Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem, and since 2001,
the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has published its strategy …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health issue with high social and
economic costs. Concomitant chronic cardiac disorders are frequent in patients with COPD …

Aims Co‐morbidities frequently accompany heart failure (HF), contributing to increased
morbidity and mortality, and an impairment of quality of life. We assessed the prevalence …

Objective Heart failure (HF) is an important covariate and outcome in studies of elderly
populations and cardiovascular disease cohorts, among others. Administrative data is …

Exercise tests are commonly used in clinical practice for both functional and diagnostic
assessments. Many exercise tests are designed to produce a single measurement relevant …

Abstract Introduction The G lobal I nitiative for C hronic O bstructive L ung D isease (GOLD)
has published a strategy for diagnosis and for management of chronic obstructive …

Background Cognitive impairment is common in people living with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF); however, accurate estimates of …

The relationship between lung and heart diseases has long been recognized, with necropsy
studies demonstrating silent myocardial infarctions or coronary artery calcification in patients …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. It has been projected to move from the sixth to the third most common cause of …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive airflow
limitation and debilitating symptoms. For patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, long …