The external globus pallidus (GPe) of the basal ganglia has been underappreciated owing
to poor understanding of its cells and circuits. It was assumed that the GPe consisted of a …

It is well known that brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF, has an important role in a
variety of neuronal aspects, such as differentiation, maturation, and synaptic function in the …

Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating monogenic neurodegenerative disease
characterized by early, selective pathology in the basal ganglia despite the ubiquitous …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of secreted
proteins. Signaling cascades induced by BDNF and its receptor, the receptor tyrosine kinase …

Abstract Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) are densely expressed in the striatum and have
been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia,. High-affinity binding of …

Cellular circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated by head-to-tail splicing and are present in
all multicellular organisms studied so far. Recently, circRNAs have emerged as a large class …

Huntington's disease is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG
trinucleotide repeat in the gene encoding the huntingtin protein. Despite its well-defined …

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication following
surgery/general anesthesia, especially in elderly patients. Severe cases will greatly delay …

Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) is a small GTPase of the Rho family involved in
regulating multiple signal transduction pathways that influence a diverse range of cellular …

Background Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) is a recognized clinical phenomenon
characterized by cognitive impairments in patients following anesthesia and surgery, yet its …