Photosynthesis is crucial for the survival of all living biota, playing a key role in plant
productivity by generating the carbon skeleton that is the primary component of all …

With the increase in world population, the demography of humans is estimated to be
exceeded and it has become a major challenge to provide an adequate amount of food …

Abiotic stresses hamper plant growth and productivity. Climate change and agricultural
malpractices like excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides have aggravated the effects of …

Soil pollution from potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a serious environmental issue
worldwide that affects agricultural safety and human health. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi …

Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) are a big player of the ecosystem which shows a major
concern over plant nutrition by providing access to the soil-derived nutrients. Naturally, an …

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient required to enhance crop growth and yield. In the arid–
semiarid region, Zn deficiency is expected due to alkaline calcareous soil. Contrarily, Zn …

Hydroponics is one of the systems in agriculture which reinforce productivity by controlling
environmental and growing conditions. In this study, we evaluated the effect of three bio …

The response of two local maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes designated as Sahwal-2002 (salt-
tolerant) and Sadaf (salt-sensitive) to salt stress was investigated under controlled growth …

Drought stress profoundly affects native desert plants' survival and performance. Among all
the abiotic stresses, drought is considered a major constraint that influences the structure …

Soil salinity often hinders plant productivity in both natural and agricultural settings.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) symbionts can mediate plant stress responses by …