Breast cancer is presently the most predominant tumor type and the second leading cause
of tumor-related deaths among women. Although advancements in diagnosis and …

Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and is required for tumor growth and progression.
Antiangiogenic therapy has been revolutionarily developing and was approved for the …

Simple Summary The tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer plays important roles
in tumor behavior and treatment response, making its pathologic assessment critical for …

Survivin is the smallest member of the Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins, involved
in inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. These functional attributes make …

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)
pathway is activated in the majority of human cancers. This pathway is known to play a key …

The purpose of this review is to present the current state of the role of imaging in
photodynamic therapy (PDT). For the reader to fully appreciate the context of the discussions …

It has become evident that we cannot understand tumour growth without considering
components of the stromal microenvironment, such as the vasculature. At the same time, the …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen in vitro and
an angiogenic inducer in a variety of in vivo models. Hypoxia has been shown to be a major …

The growth of blood vessels (a process known as angiogenesis) is essential for organ
growth and repair. An imbalance in this process contributes to numerous malignant …

Many modalities of cancer therapy induce mechanisms of treatment resistance and escape
pathways during chronic treatments, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). It is …