Macrophages stand in the first line of defense against a variety of pathogens but are also
involved in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. To fulfill their functions macrophages …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) modulates diverse cell death pathways to escape the host
immune responses and favor its dissemination, a complex process of interest in …

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is continually worsening. Clinical
treatment for COVID‐19 remains primarily supportive with no specific medicines or …

Edwardsiella anguillarum is a commonly pathogenic bacterium in cultivated eels, but its
pathogenicity to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the molecular mechanism of host anti …

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the main causative agent of infectious diseases in
humans among nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that are ubiquitous organisms found in …

The success of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a human pathogen has been attributed to the
ability of the bacillus to proliferate inside macrophages and to induce cell death. This review …

Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is highly adapted to macrophages and has developed
multiple mechanisms to resist intracellular assaults. However, the host cells in turn deploy a …

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is a superimmunoglobulin
receptor expressed on myeloid cells that plays an important role in the amplification of …

Vibrio vulnificus is a commonly pathogenic bacterium in cultivated eels, but its pathogenicity
to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the molecular mechanism of host anti-V. vulnificus …

Proteolytic cleavage of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor (TNFR) from the cell surface
contributes to anti-inflammatory responses and may be beneficial in reducing the excessive …