Heterochromatin is a key architectural feature of eukaryotic chromosomes, which endows
particular genomic domains with specific functional properties. The capacity of …

RNA-directed chromatin modification that includes cytosine methylation silences
transposable elements in both plants and mammals, contributing to genome defense and …

RNA-directed DNA methylation in plants is guided by 24-nt siRNAs generated in parallel
with 23-nt RNAs of unknown function. We show that 23-nt RNAs function as passenger …

Small RNAs are increasingly emerging as transgenerational carriers of epigenetic
information in Caenorhabditis elegans and in other organisms. Recent studies have …

RNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing is a conserved process where small RNAs
target transposons and other sequences for repression by establishing chromatin …

MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) is a small noncoding RNA molecule~ 22 nucleotides in size,
which is found in plants, animals, and some viruses. miRNAs are thought to primarily down …

Small RNAs (sRNAs), including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs),
are conventionally regarded as critical molecular regulators of various intracellular …

Argonautes (AGOs) are a highly conserved family of proteins found in most eukaryotes and
involved in mechanisms of gene regulation, both at the transcriptional and post …

Faithful propagation of functionally distinct chromatin states is crucial for maintaining cellular
identity, and its breakdown can lead to diseases such as cancer. Whereas mechanisms that …

Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (Satb2) is a protein binding to the matrix
attachment regions of DNA and important for gene regulation. Patients with SATB2 mutation …