[HTML][HTML] Development of Direct Reduced Iron in China: Challenges and Pathways

C Wei, X Zhang, J Zhang, L Xu, G Li, T Jiang - Engineering, 2024 - Elsevier
The steel industry is considered an important basic sector of the national economy, and its
high energy consumption and carbon emissions make it a major contributor to climate …

Impact of iron ore pre-reduction degree on the hydrogen plasma smelting reduction process

D Ernst, U Manzoor, IR Souza Filho, MA Zarl, J Schenk - Metals, 2023 - mdpi.com
To counteract the rising greenhouse gas emissions, mainly CO2, the European steel
industry needs to restructure the current process route for steel production. Globally, the …

[HTML][HTML] Iron ore wires as consumable electrodes for the hydrogen plasma smelting reduction in future green steel production

H Springer, IR Souza Filho, L Choisez, MA Zarl… - Sustainable Materials …, 2024 - Elsevier
In this work we investigate the feasibility and optimisation pathways for using oxide-filled
consumable electrodes as both ore feeding system and reducing/melting arc carrier in the …

[HTML][HTML] Hydrogen plasma smelting reduction process monitoring with optical emission spectroscopy–Establishing the basis for the method

H Pauna, D Ernst, M Zarl, M Aula, J Schenk… - Journal of Cleaner …, 2022 - Elsevier
In the world of ever-increasing demand for carbon-free steel, hydrogen and recycling have
an undeniable role in achieving net-zero carbon dioxide emissions for the steel industry …

The behavior of direct reduced iron in the electric arc furnace hotspot

A Pfeiffer, D Ernst, H Zheng, G Wimmer, J Schenk - Metals, 2023 - mdpi.com
Hydrogen-based direct reduction is a promising technology for CO2 lean steelmaking. The
electric arc furnace is the most relevant aggregate for processing direct reduced iron (DRI) …

Hydrogen Plasma for Low-Carbon Extractive Metallurgy: Oxides Reduction, Metals Refining, and Wastes Processing

B Satritama, C Cooper, D Fellicia, MI Pownceby… - Journal of Sustainable …, 2024 - Springer
Carbon-rich sources, such as coal and carbon monoxide gas, have been extensively used
in the metal industry as the reducing agent of metal oxides and as the energy source for …

Effects of the Electrodes' Shape and Graphite Quality on the Arc Stability During Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction of Iron Ores

D Ernst, MA Zarl, MA Farkas… - steel research …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Reducing greenhouse gases (GHG), especially CO2, is necessary to counteract climate
change. The European steel industry currently corresponds to 5.7% of the total EU …

Feasibility of a Plasma Furnace for Methane Pyrolysis: Hydrogen and Carbon Production

O Daghagheleh, J Schenk, MA Zarl, M Lehner… - Energies, 2023 - mdpi.com
The imperative to achieve a climate-neutral industry necessitates CO2-free alternatives for
H2 production. Recent developments suggest that plasma technology holds promise in this …

Hydrogen plasma smelting reduction for fast production of green ferronickel

I Islam, D Tandersen, A Taimullah, YA Sata… - International Journal of …, 2024 - Elsevier
The production of ferronickel through conventional methods results in substantial CO 2
emissions. To mitigate CO 2 impact, using hydrogen gas as a reductant in Hydrogen Plasma …

A New Methodological Approach on the Characterization of Optimal Charging Rates at the Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction Process Part 2: Results

D Ernst, MA Zarl, J Cejka, J Schenk - Materials, 2022 - mdpi.com
To meet the target for anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction, the European steel
industry is obliged to reduce its emissions. A possible pathway to reach this requirement is …