Ancient duplication events and a high rate of retention of extant pairs of duplicate genes
have contributed to an abundance of duplicate genes in plant genomes. These duplicates …

Plants cannot move to escape environmental challenges. Biotic stresses result from a
battery of potential pathogens: fungi, bacteria, nematodes and insects intercept the …

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed~ 7500 years ago by hybridization between B.
rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as …

Allotetraploid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an agriculturally important crop. Cultivation
and breeding of B. napus by humans has resulted in numerous genetically diverse …

The flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model system for identifying genes
and determining their functions. Here we report the analysis of the genomic sequence of …

Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the major outer surface membrane components
present in almost all Gram-negative bacteria and act as extremely strong stimulators of …

The majority of disease resistance genes in plants encode nucleotide-binding site leucine-
rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins. This large family is encoded by hundreds of diverse genes …

Public genomic databases have provided new directions for molecular marker development
and initiated a shift in the types of PCR-based techniques commonly used in plant science …

Plants may also be resistant to arthropods via the tolerance category of resistance, as
defined in Chapter 1, by possessing the ability to withstand or recover from damage caused …

Seagrasses colonized the sea on at least three independent occasions to form the basis of
one of the most productive and widespread coastal ecosystems on the planet. Here we …