or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Epidemiological and biological plausibility studies support a cause-and-effect relationship
between increased levels of physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced …

Myocardial diseases are associated with an increased risk of potentially fatal cardiac
arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death/cardiac arrest during exercise, including hypertrophic …

Importance Adverse cardiovascular findings associated with habitual vigorous exercise
have raised new questions regarding the benefits of exercise and fitness. Objective To …

Serological assessment of cardiac troponins (cTn) is the gold standard to assess myocardial
injury in clinical practice. A greater magnitude of acutely or chronically elevated cTn …

Background: Physical activity and exercise training are associated with a lower risk for
coronary events. However, cross-sectional studies in middle-aged and older male athletes …

Background: Higher levels of physical activity are associated with a lower risk of
cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, there is debate on the dose-response relationship of …

Background Male patients ages 12–17 years have an elevated risk of mRNA vaccination‐
associated myo/pericarditis. A risk‐benefit analysis of first and second doses of mRNA …

Background: Blood concentrations of cardiac troponin above the 99th percentile are a key
criterion for the diagnosis of acute myocardial injury and infarction. Troponin concentrations …

Abstract Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of major morbidity
and CVD-and all-cause mortality in most of the world. It is now clear that regular physical …