Background Non‐invasive respiratory support is increasingly used for the management of
respiratory dysfunction in preterm infants. This approach runs the risk of under‐treating …

Less invasive surfactant therapies (LIST) use surfactant instillation through a thin tracheal
catheter in spontaneously breathing infants. This review and meta-analysis investigates …

Background The majority of extremely low gestational age neonates undergo intubation for
surfactant therapy. Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) uses a thin catheter …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex disorder with multiple factors implicated in
its etiopathogenesis. Despite the scientific advances in the field of neonatology, the …

Background The ideal threshold at which surfactant administration in preterm neonates with
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is most beneficial is contentious. The aim of this …

Traditionally, surfactant has been administered to preterm infants with respiratory distress
syndrome via an endotracheal tube and in conjunction with mechanical ventilation …

Objective Surfactant administration via a thin catheter (STC) is an alternative to surfactant
administration post endotracheal intubation in preterm infants with respiratory distress …

Various less invasive surfactant administration strategies like surfactant replacement therapy
via thin catheters, laryngeal mask airway, pharyngeal instillation, and nebulized surfactant …

To date, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after birth have been
managed with a combination of endotracheal intubation, surfactant instillation, and …

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) caused by surfactant deficiency remains one of the
major reasons of neonatal mortality and short-and long-term morbidity in preterm infants …