Recent studies of autophagic and lysosomal pathways have significantly changed our
understanding of lysosomes; once thought to be simple degradative and recycling centers …

Astrocyte-mediated inflammation is associated with degenerative pathologies such as
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and multiple sclerosis. The acute inflammation and …

Upon its release from injured cells, such as infected, transformed, inflamed, or necrotic cells,
extracellular adenosine-5ʹ-triphosphate (ATP) acts as a danger signal that recruits …

Denervation of skeletal muscles induces severe muscle atrophy, which is preceded by
cellular alterations such as increased plasma membrane permeability, reduced resting …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by
progressive loss of motor neurons in the CNS. Astrocytes play a critical role in disease …

Oxidative stress is a major risk factor that causes osteocyte cell death and bone loss. Prior
studies primarily focus on the function of cell surface expressed Cx43 channels. Here, we …

Hypertension is one of the most common risk factors for developing chronic cardiovascular
diseases, including hypertensive nephropathy. Within the glomerulus, hypertension causes …

Diverse studies have suggested that cytoplasmic inclusions of misfolded α‐synuclein in
neuronal and glial cells are main pathological features of different α‐synucleinopathies …

The classical view of synapses as the functional contact between presynaptic and
postsynaptic neurons has been challenged in recent years by the emerging regulatory role …

Neuron-astrocyte communication is an important regulatory mechanism in various brain
functions but its complexity and role are yet to be fully understood. In particular, the temporal …