Endogenous DNA is primarily found intracellularly in nuclei and mitochondria. However,
extracellular, cell-free (cf) DNA, has been observed in several pathological conditions …

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are important mediators of antiviral immunity through
their ability to produce large amounts of type I interferons (IFNs) on viral infection. This …

The endothelial cell adhesion molecule E-selectin is a key component of the bone marrow
hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) vascular niche regulating balance between HSC self …

Inflammasomes are protein complexes assembled upon recognition of infection or cell
damage signals, and serve as platforms for clustering and activation of procaspase-1 …

Complications arising from dengue virus infection include potentially fatal vascular leak, and
severe disease has been linked with excessive immune cell activation. An understanding of …

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) sense viral and microbial DNA through endosomal Toll-
like receptors to produce type 1 interferons. pDCs do not normally respond to self-DNA, but …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are components of the innate immune system that respond to
exogenous infectious ligands (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs) and …

Over the past decade it has become clear that lactobacilli and other probiotic and
commensal organisms can interact with mucosal immune cells or epithelial cells lining the …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a crucial role in the early detection of pathogen-associated
molecular patterns and the subsequent activation of the adaptive immune response …

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists have demonstrated substantial potential as vaccine
adjuvants, and as mono-or combination therapies for the treatment of cancer and infectious …