The symbiotic association between the coral animal and its endosymbiotic dinoflagellate
partner Symbiodinium is central to the success of corals. However, an array of other …

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralizing organisms have played major roles in the
history of life and the global carbon cycle during the past 541 Ma. Both marine diversification …

Stony corals are colonial cnidarians that sustain the most biodiverse marine ecosystems on
Earth: coral reefs. Despite their ecological importance, little is known about the cell types …

INTRODUCTION Coral reefs worldwide are suffering losses at an alarming rate as a result of
anthropogenic climate change. Increased seawater temperatures, even only slightly above …

Here, we present ultragentle soft robotic actuators capable of grasping delicate specimens
of gelatinous marine life. Although state-of-the-art soft robotic manipulators have …

Despite half a century of research, the biology of dinoflagellates remains enigmatic: they
defy many functional and genetic traits attributed to typical eukaryotic cells. Genomic …

Do corals form their skeletons by precipitation from solution or by attachment of amorphous
precursor particles as observed in other minerals and biominerals? The classical model …

Identifying how past environmental conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their
skeletal traits provides a framework for predicting their persistence and that of their non …

From protists to humans, all animals and plants are inhabited by microbial organisms. There
is an increasing appreciation that these resident microbes influence the fitness of their plant …

Corals from the northern Red Sea, in particular the Gulf of Aqaba (GoA), have exceptionally
high bleaching thresholds approaching> 5℃ above their maximum monthly mean (MMM) …