The immune system is guided by a series of checks and balances, a major component of
which is a large array of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways that modulate the host …

T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exhibit multiple metabolic abnormalities.
Excess iron can impair mitochondria and may contribute to SLE. To gain insights into this …

The macrophage is an essential part of the innate immune system and also serves as the
bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immune response. As the initiator and …

C9ORF72 mutations are found in a significant fraction of patients suffering from amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, yet the function of the C9ORF72 gene product …

The accumulation of DNA and nuclear components in blood and their recognition by
autoantibodies play a central role in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus …

The tumor microenvironment is profoundly immunosuppressive. We show that multiple
tumor types create intratumoral immune suppression driven by a specialized form of …

Elevated endogenous retrovirus (ERV) transcription and anti-ERV antibody reactivity are
implicated in lupus pathogenesis. Overproduction of non-ecotropic ERV (NEERV) envelope …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized
by deposits of immune complexes (ICs) in organs and tissues. The expression of FcγRIIA by …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are just 2 of several
autoimmune connective tissue diseases that are primarily chronic in nature but can present …

One cannot discuss anti-dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis without discussing the
nature of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is insistently described as a prototype …