Intercellular signaling molecules, known as morphogens, act at a long range in developing
tissues to provide spatial information and control properties such as cell fate and tissue …

The cloning of the founding member of the Hedgehog (HH) family of secreted proteins two
decades ago inaugurated a field that has diversified to encompass embryonic development …

Cells within developing tissues rely on morphogens to assess positional information.
Passive diffusion is the most parsimonious transport model for long-range morphogen …

The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins governs a wide variety of processes during
embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Here we review the current …

In order to achieve coordinated growth and patterning during development, cells must
communicate with one another, sending and receiving signals that regulate their activities …

The secreted Frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are a family of soluble proteins that are
structurally related to Frizzled (Fz) proteins, the serpentine receptors that mediate the …

Pattern formation during development is controlled to a great extent by a small number of
conserved signal transduction pathways that are activated by extracellular ligands such as …

Abstract Signalling by secreted Hedgehog (Hh) proteins is important for the development of
many tissues and organs. Damage to components of the Hh signal-transduction pathway …

During development, secreted morphogens such as Wnt, Hedgehog (Hh), and BMP emit
from their producing cells in a morphogenetic field, and specify different cell fates in a direct …

Immune cells provide defense against non‐self and have recently been shown to also play
key roles in diverse processes such as development, metabolism, and tumor progression …