BACKGROUND Climate change impacts have now been documented across every
ecosystem on Earth, despite an average warming of only~ 1° C so far. Here, we describe the …

The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

气候变化与水资源问题是各国政府部门, 学术界和社会公众普遍关注的焦点,
也是西北干旱区实现跨越式发展的重要瓶颈之一. 在分析前人研究成果基础之上 …

High-latitude ecosystems are among the fastest warming on the planet. Polar species may
be sensitive to warming and ice loss, but data are scarce and evidence is conflicting,–. Here …

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying …

In this article, we analyze the impacts of climate change on Antarctic marine ecosystems.
Observations demonstrate large-scale changes in the physical variables and circulation of …

In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with
concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and …

Interactions between climate change and UV radiation are having strong effects on aquatic
ecosystems due to feedback between temperature, UV radiation, and greenhouse gas …

We present two narratives on the future of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, from the
perspective of an observer looking back from 2070. In the first scenario, greenhouse gas …

In the oceans, ubiquitous microscopic phototrophs (phytoplankton) account for
approximately half the production of organic matter on Earth. Analyses of satellite-derived …