The tumour microenvironment (TME) highly influences the growth and spread of tumours,
thus impacting the patient's clinical outcome. In this context, the complement system plays a …

Reactivation of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell responses has set a new direction for cancer
immunotherapy. Neutralizing antibodies targeting immune checkpoint programmed cell …

Monoclonal antibody therapies targeting tumour antigens drive cancer cell elimination in
large part by triggering macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells,,,,,–. However, cancer cells …

CXCL16 is a chemotactic cytokine belonging to the α-chemokine subfamily. It plays a
significant role in the progression of cancer, as well as the course of atherosclerosis, renal …

Today, cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lately, cytokine and
chemokine imbalances have gained attention amongst different involved pathways in …

Constituent of innate immunity, complement is present in the tumor microenvironment. The
functions of complement include clearance of pathogens and maintenance of homeostasis …

Harnessing the immune system by blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)
pathway has been a major breakthrough in non-small-cell lung cancer treatment …

Background Bone is one of the common metastatic sites of lung cancer, and its prognosis is
not optimistic. We performed a study to evaluate the incidence, survival, and prognostic …

Background: Lung cancer is associated with a high mortality rate and often complicated with
malignant pleural effusion (MPE), which has a very poor clinical outcome with a short life …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and a
leading cause of death in the US and worldwide. HCC remains a global health problem and …