Abstract Background The Global Burden of Disease estimates that approximately a third of
deaths worldwide are attributable to behavioural risk factors that, at their core, have the …

Purpose To understand transnational tobacco companies'(TTCs) practices in low and
middle-income countries which serve to block tobacco-control policies and promote tobacco …

Background: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have a well-established presence in
Southeast Asia and are now targeting other low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) …

The clove tree was introduced to Madagascar from the Maluku Islands in Indonesia at the
beginning of the 19th century. In spite of its sensitivity to hazards such as cyclones, a locally …

Context of the study–The clove tree, farmed primarily in Indonesia, Madagascar, the
Comoros, Tanzania and Sri Lanka, produces two major commodities: the clove and the …

ObjectivePaternal smoking is highly prevalent in Asia, and tobacco may account for a large
proportion of household expenditures among poor families. We sought to characterise the …

Background Indonesia is the world's fifth largest cigarette market in the world but for
decades, transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have had limited success infiltrating this …

Tobacco is already the world's leading cause of preventable death, claiming over 5 million
lives annually, and this toll is rising. Even though effective tobacco control policies are well …

Background: Unhealthy commodity industries (UCIs) engage in political practices to
influence public health policy, which poses barriers to protecting and promoting public …

Background Flavoured tobacco products are not restricted in Indonesia, a country with about
68 million adults who smoke. Most use clove-mixed tobacco cigarettes ('kreteks'); non-clove …