The microbiome shapes many host traits, yet the biology of microbiomes challenges
traditional evolutionary models. Here, we illustrate how integrating the microbiome into …

Explaining broad molecular, phenotypic and species biodiversity patterns necessitates a
unifying framework spanning multiple evolutionary scales. Here we argue that although …

Insecticide resistance and rapid pest evolution threatens food security and the development
of sustainable agricultural practices, yet the evolutionary mechanisms that allow pests to …

After decades of debate about the existence of non‐genetic inheritance, the focus is now
slowly shifting towards dissecting its underlying mechanisms. Here, we propose a new …

The rate of adaptive evolution, the contribution of selection to genetic changes that increase
mean fitness, is determined by the additive genetic variance in individual relative fitness. To …

Biologists have long been intrigued by apparently predictable and repetitive evolutionary
trajectories inferred across a variety of lineages and systems. In recent years, high …

Predicting if, when, and how populations can adapt to climate change constitutes one of the
greatest challenges in science today. Here, we build from contributions to the special issue …

Understanding processes that limit species' ranges has been a core issue in ecology and
evolutionary biology for many decades, and has become increasingly important given the …

Long-term studies have been crucial to the advancement of population biology, especially
our understanding of population dynamics. We argue that this progress arises from three key …

The gene can be described as the foundational concept of modern biology. As such, it has
spilled over into daily discourse, yet it is acknowledged among biologists to be ill-defined …