Background Changes in Earth's climate over time can be measured in many ways. The
different metrics available represent alternative dimensions of climate change, each with …

Long-term ecological monitoring has contributed substantially towards advancements in
theoretical and applied ecology. However, the costs to maintain a long-term monitoring site …

Understanding the magnitude and cause of variation in tree growth and forest productivity is
central to sustainable forest management. Measurements of annual growth rings allow …

Expanding and enhancing protected area networks (PAs) is at the forefront of efforts to
conserve and restore global biodiversity but climate change and habitat loss can interact …

Protected areas (PA s) are intended to provide native biodiversity and habitats with a refuge
against the impacts of global change, particularly acting as natural filters against biological …

An increasing number of studies conclude that water limitations and heat stress may hinder
the capacity of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) trees, a dominant species of …

As Earth's climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past
climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change …

Macroecology has prospered in recent years due in part to the wide array of climatic data,
such as those provided by the WorldClim and CliMond data sets, which has become …

Exposure to solar radiation is a determining factor of grape composition. Flavonol synthesis
is upregulated by solar radiation leaving a fingerprint on flavonol profile. This study aimed to …

Aim Despite several recent efforts to map plant traits and to identify their climatic drivers,
there are still major gaps. Global trait patterns for major functional groups, in particular, the …