This review focuses on neuropeptides and peptide hormones, the largest and most diverse
class of neuroactive substances, known in Drosophila and other animals to play roles in …

The brain of Drosophila melanogaster is comprised of some 100,000 neurons, 127 and 80
of which are dopaminergic and serotonergic, respectively. Their activity regulates behavioral …

Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, has been used to study molecular mechanisms of a
wide range of human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and various …

Sleep promotes memory consolidation in humans and many other species, but the
physiological and anatomical relationships between sleep and memory remain unclear …

The Serotonin Transporter (SERT) regulates extracellular serotonin levels and is the target
of most current drugs used to treat depression. The mechanisms by which inhibition of SERT …

Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sleep homeostasis is limited.
We have taken a systematic approach to study neural signaling by the transmitter 5 …

Both the structure and the amount of sleep are important for brain function. Entry into deep,
restorative stages of sleep is time dependent; short sleep bouts selectively eliminate these …

Animals exhibit different behavioral responses to the same sensory cue depending on their
internal state at a given moment. How and where in the brain are sensory inputs combined …

Thirst emerges from a range of cellular changes that ultimately motivate an animal to
consume water. Although thirst-responsive neuronal signals have been reported, the full …

Monoamine serotonin (5HT) has been linked to aggression for many years across species [1–
3]. However, elaboration of the neurochemical pathways that govern aggression has proven …