Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are stand-alone immunomodulators or
'danger signals,'that are increasingly recognized as critical components of many modern …

Dendritic cells (DCs) were initially defined as mononuclear phagocytes with a dendritic
morphology and an exquisite efficiency for naïve T-cell activation. DC encompass several …

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was originally identified
in Saudi Arabia in 2012. It has caused MERS outbreaks with high mortality in the Middle …

Human monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MoDC) have been used in the clinic with
moderately encouraging results. Mouse XCR1+ DC excel at cross-presentation, can be …

Vaccination is the most efficient strategy to protect from infectious diseases and the induction
of a protective immune response not only depends on the nature of the antigen, but is also …

Introduction: Pulmonary vaccination could be a promising alternative to vaccination by
injection. Administration of a vaccine to the lungs does not require the use of needles, which …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are central modulators of immune responses and, therefore, interesting
target cells for the induction of antitumor immune responses. Ag delivery to select DC …

Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral infection, affecting millions of people every year.
Attempts to control such infection are being made, and the development of a vaccine is a …

A targeted delivery of defined antigens in vivo allows for the probing of relevant functions of
the immune system. Recombinant chimeric antibodies, produced by genetically modifying …

Toxoplasmosis is a major public health problem and the development of a human vaccine is
of high priority. Efficient vaccination against Toxoplasma gondii requires both a mucosal and …