Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) are expected to be a critical component of 6th Generation
(6G) networks, providing ubiquitous, continuous, and scalable services. Satellites emerge as …

In this chapter we discuss the properties and review the main instances of network routing
algorithms whose bottom-up design has been inspired by collective behaviors of social …

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a paradigm for designing metaheuristic algorithms for
combinatorial optimization problems. The first algorithm which can be classified within this …

In ant societies, and, more in general, in insect societies, the activities of the individuals, as
well as of the society as a whole, are not regulated by any explicit form of centralized control …

In the past few years, there has been much research on the application of swarm
intelligence to the problem of adaptive routing in telecommunications networks. A large …

Electronic tags, usually referred as RFIDs, sensors, wireless VoIP terminals are likely to
create a technological and cultural revolution similar to the one initiated by the Internet …

Routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) determine the quality of service (QoS) such as
blocking probability and delay in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) satellite optical …

With the development of satellite communication, in order to solve the problems of shortage
of on-board resources and refinement of delay requirements to improve the communication …

This paper introduces an ant colony routing and wavelength assignment algorithm based on
cross-layer design (CL-ACRWA), which can overcome the adverse effects of Doppler …

Recently, quantum computing and communications rapidly developed to interconnect
heterogeneous quantum devices. In particular, some researchers have been performed …