Microbial life permeates Earth's critical zone and has likely inhabited nearly all our planet's
surface and near subsurface since before the beginning of the sedimentary rock record …

As society transitions to low-carbon, renewable energy resources, the demand for metals
and minerals is set to increase. Massive quantities of base metals and mineral materials (for …

Reduced precipitation in the Miocene triggered the geographic contraction of rainforest
ecosystems around the world. In Australia, this change was particularly pronounced; mesic …

Lithology plays a fundamental role in rock weathering and erosion, and in landscape
evolution. When weathering‐and erosion‐prone lithologies are protected from erosion by …

Abstract (U-Th)/He geochronology of two weathered plateaus in the Carajás Mountains,
Pará, Brazil, reveals a history of weathering spanning from ca. 80 Ma to the present for this …

The banded iron formations (BIF) of Brazil are composed of silica and Fe (III) oxide lamina,
and are largely covered by a rock cap of BIF fragments in a goethite matrix (canga). Despite …

Abstract (U‐Th)/He geochronology and cosmogenic 3He in iron oxides reveal mineral
precipitation ages as old as 55 Ma and exposure ages greater than 5 Ma for canga …

Supergene enriched iron ore deposits in Brazil are typically blanketed by goethite-cemented
breccias that form a protective duricrust known as canga. Moderately hard, well …

Mineralogical and whole rock geochemical analyses for 60 elements on 31 samples of hard
ferruginous crust (canga) provide insights into the evolution of the lateritic profile developed …

Secondary mineral deposits have played an important role in the global mineral resource
economy for over 50 years, with lateritic Au, Al, Fe and Ni deposits having a significant input …