Many processes during the evolution of protoplanetary disks and during planet formation are
highly sensitive to the sizes of dust particles that are present in the disk: the efficiency of dust …

Context. The formation of planetesimals in protoplanetary disks is not well-understood.
Streaming instability is a promising mechanism to directly form planetesimals from pebble …

The elemental composition of the gas and dust in a protoplanetary disk influences the
compositions of the planets that form in it. We use the Molecules with ALMA at Planet …

Context. The total gas mass is one of the most fundamental properties of disks around young
stars, because it controls their evolution and their potential to form planets. To measure disk …

CO is commonly used as a tracer of the total gas mass in both the interstellar medium and in
protoplanetary disks. Recently, there has been much debate about the utility of CO as a …

Context. The transition between magnetorotational instability (MRI)-active and magnetically
dead regions corresponds to a sharp change in the disk turbulence level, where pressure …

The dust size in protoplanetary disks is a crucial parameter for understanding planet
formation, while the observational constraints on dust size distribution have large …

Turbulence plays a key role in the transport of pebble-sized particles. It also affects the
ability of pebbles to be accreted by protoplanets because it stirs pebbles out of the disk …

Most protoplanetary discs are thought to undergo violent and frequent accretion outbursts,
during which the accretion rate and central luminosity are elevated for several decades. This …

When the drill bit of the boom-type roadheader cuts the dolomite at the tunnel face, it
generates a lot of dust, which will have an adverse impact on human health and the …