The evolution of the various hearing adaptations is connected to major structural changes in
nearly all groups of vertebrates. Besides hearing, the detection of acceleration and …

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors impact diversity. On deep-time scales, the extrinsic impact of
climate and geology are crucial, but poorly understood. Here, we use the inner ear …

Deer are an iconic group of large mammals that originated in the Early Miocene of Eurasia
(ca. 19 Ma). While there is some consensus on key relationships among their members, on …

For over a century, researchers have assumed that the plane of the lateral semicircular
canal of the inner ear lies parallel to the horizon when the head is at rest, and used this …

Although increasingly popular as a laboratory species, very little is known about the
peripheral auditory system of the naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber. In this study …

Background Body mass estimation is of paramount importance for paleobiological studies,
as body size influences numerous other biological parameters. In mammals, body mass has …

The inner ear of toothed whales (odontocetes) is known to have evolved particular shapes
related to their abilities to echolocate and move under water. While the origin of these …

Foetuses are a source of scientific information to understand the development and evolution
of anatomical structures. The bony labyrinth, surrounding the organ of balance and hearing …

Domestication has led to many changes in domestic animal biology, including their
anatomy. The shape of the inner ear, part of the mammalian ear, has been found particularly …

Dinocephalians (Therapsida), some of the earliest amniotes to have evolved large body
size, include the carnivorous Anteosauria and mostly herbivorous Tapinocephalia. Whilst …