Aim: This is a narrative review with an aim to summarise and describe urinary biomarkers in
the surveillance of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). It provides a summary of …

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men, and most cases are non-muscle-
invasive. A high recurrence rate is a critical problem in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer …

Background Bladder cancer (BC) belongs to the most frequent cancer types. The diagnostic
process is still long and costly, with a high percentage of false-positive or-negative results …

Background: Renal failure is one of the dangerous chronic diseases that different solutions
are used for dialysis in these patients. Arteriovenous graft (AVG) and arteriovenous fistula …

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common obesity-related disease.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pioglitazone on NAFLD in morbid obese …

Background: Urine test with the PSA result will provide a good prognosis of the prostate
cancer. Therefore, considering the importance of PCA3 in this study, we aimed to compare …

Purpose: The aim of current study was to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline in
patients with renal colic. Materials and methods: This descriptive analytical study was …

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease associated with low sodium status.
The patients are usually treated with oral sodium chloride to control the side effects of low …

Background: The roles of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in breast cancer and breast lymphoma
by transfecting EBV DNA have been indicated in different studies, but few investigations …

Nasal septal deviation causes the obstruction of the nasal lateral wall and sinus cavities as
well as bringing some respiratory problems. Furthermore, the obstruction of the upper airway …