Ecosystem services are natural processes that benefit humans. Birds contribute the four
types of services recognized by the UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment—provisioning …

Understanding tropical forest succession is critical for the development of tropical forest
conservation strategies worldwide, given that tropical secondary forests can be considered …

The pace of deforestation worldwide has necessitated the development of strategies that
restore forest cover quickly and efficiently. We review one potential strategy, applied …

The major challenge in tropical land management is to meet the ever-growing demand for
agricultural products while conserving biodiversity, providing critical ecosys tem services …

Reforestation is an important tool for reducing or reversing biodiversity loss and mitigating
climate change. However, there are many potential compromises between the structural …

Highlights•The degradation of coral reefs worldwide calls for novel restoration
methodologies.•The low-cost reef restoration (gardening tenet) is based on silviculture …

Discussion of successional change has traditionally focused on plants. The role of animals
in producing and responding to successional change has received far less attention …

Restoration initiatives seek to address widespread deforestation and forest degradation, but
face substantial problems.“Passive restoration”, whereby abandoned agricultural land …

Applied nucleation, mostly based upon planting tree islands, has been proposed as a cost‐
effective strategy to meet ambitious global forest and landscape restoration targets. We …

Active forest restoration typically involves planting trees over large areas; this practice is
costly, however, and establishing homogeneous plantations may favour the recruitment of a …