The unique advantages of modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have led to wide adoption
of the converter topology in high voltage dc (HVDC) transmission systems, with great …

Recent advancements in silicon carbide (SiC) power semiconductor technology enable
developments in the high-power sector, eg, high-voltage-direct-current (HVdc) converters for …

HVDC technology has undergone many major developments in the past decades, resulting
in higher power ratings, increased efficiency, and the availability of effective means for …

Hybrid multilevel converters using bidirectional thyristors and IGBTs have gained significant
interest in recent times, as they possess important features of both voltage-source and line …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is attractive for high-voltage direct current (HVdc)
applications. The dc line short-circuit fault is one of the key challenges for the HVdc system …

Grid-connected converters (GCCs) are used extensively for the integration of DC power
sources with AC power sources. However, since it is a complex topic, there are many …

High voltage direct current systems are the most suitable solution for distant high-power
transmission, where modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are now utilized due to their …

Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are widely used in grid scale power electronics. Due
to the presence of a dc component in the arm current, the MMC submodules (SMs) show an …

The valve-side single-phase-to-ground (SPG) faults in the half-bridge modular multilevel
converter (HB-MMC)-based bipolar high-voltage direct-current (HVdc) systems induce some …

Compared with line-commutated converters (LCC) technology, voltage-source converters
(VSCs), exemplified by modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have emerged as a superior …