Smoking is relevant to infectious diseases resulting in increased prevalence and mortality. In
this article, we aim to provide an overview of the effects of smoking in various infections and …

Executive summary Tuberculosis can be treated, prevented, and cured. Rapid, sustained
declines in tuberculosis deaths in many countries during the past 50 years provide …

Summary Background The Millennium Declaration in 2000 brought special global attention
to HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria through the formulation of Millennium Development Goal …

Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem. Although efforts to control the
epidemic have reduced mortality and incidence, there are several predisposing factors that …

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has placed a spotlight on infectious diseases and their
associations with host factors and underlying conditions. New data on the Severe Acute …

Objective To provide a systematic review of the existing literature on health consequences of
vaporing of electronic cigarettes (ECs). Methods Search in: PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL …

In high-income countries, the biggest cause of premature death, defined as death before 70
years, is smoking of manufactured cigarettes. Smoking-related disease was responsible for …

Background: The negative health effects of cigarette smoking and HIV infection are
synergistic. Objective: To compare the prevalence of current cigarette smoking and smoking …

The risk of progression from exposure to the tuberculosis bacilli to the development of active
disease is a two‐stage process governed by both exogenous and endogenous risk factors …

Background Smoking tobacco increases the risk of respiratory disease in adults and
children, but communicating the magnitude of these effects in a scientific manner that is …