Pain is characterized by the unpleasant sensory and emotional sensation associated with
actual or potential tissue damage, whereas nociception refers to the mechanism by which …

Efficient delivery of brain‐targeted drugs is highly important for the success of therapies in
neurodegenerative diseases. Borneol has several biological activities, such as anti …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Borneol is a long-established traditional Chinese
medicine that has been found to be effective in treating pain and itchy skin. However …

Inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine are
known to be abundant in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus …

The substantia gelatinosa (SG) within the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) is recognized
as a pivotal site of integrating and modulating afferent fibers carrying orofacial nociceptive …

Linalool, a major odorous constituent in essential oils extracted from lavender, is known to
have a wide range of physiological effects on humans including pain management. The …

Background Epilepsy is characterized by acute recurrent seizures. The control of seizures is
largely hampered by the tolerance to current anti-seizure drugs. Complementary anti …

The substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) receives orofacial
nociceptive information from primary afferent neurons and transmits this information to …