Replacing precious platinum with earth‐abundant materials for the oxygen reduction
reaction (ORR) in fuel cells has been the objective worldwide for several decades. In the last …

Fuel cells have emerged as a promising clean electrochemical energy technology with a
great potential in various sectors, including transportation and power generation. However …

Fe–N–C catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been considered as the most
promising nonprecious metal catalyst due to its comparable catalytic performance to Pt in …

Metal single-atom catalysts (M-SACs) have emerged as an attractive concept for promoting
heterogeneous reactions, but the synthesis of high-loading M-SACs remains a challenge …

FeN4 moieties embedded in partially graphitized carbon are the most efficient platinum
group metal free active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction in acidic proton‐exchange …

The low catalytic activity and poor mass transport capacity of platinum group metal free
(PGM‐free) catalysts seriously restrict the application of proton‐exchange membrane fuel …

The development of iron and nitrogen co‐doped carbon (Fe N C) electrocatalysts for the
oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is a …

We report a comprehensive analysis of the catalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)
reactivity of four of today's most active benchmark platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) …

The active sites of Fe–N–C catalysts are nitrogen coordinated iron atoms, FeNx (x= 1–5),
that have five possible coordination numbers. FeN4 active sites are commonly reported, but …

Pursuing and developing effective methodologies to construct highly active catalytic sites to
maximize the atomic and energy efficiency by material engineering are attractive. Relative to …