From yeast to mammals, autophagy is an important mechanism for sustaining cellular
homeostasis through facilitating the degradation and recycling of aged and cytotoxic …

The inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein complex involved in the activation of
caspase-1 and the processing of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and …

Proper regulation of mitophagy for mitochondrial homeostasis is important in various
inflammatory diseases. However, the precise mechanisms by which mitophagy is activated …

Introduction Remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAa)
receptor agonist used for sedation and the induction as well as maintenance of general …

An increasing number of studies show that the activation of the innate immune system and
inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases …

Mitochondria play a central role in multiple cellular functions, including energy production,
calcium homeostasis, and cell death. Currently, growing evidence indicates the vital roles of …

Mitochondria are inevitable sources for the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen
species (mtROS) due to their fundamental roles in respiration. mtROS were reported to be …

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has many similarities with bacterial DNA because of their
shared common ancestry. Increasing evidence demonstrates mtDNA to be a potent danger …

Melatonin functions as a crucial mediator of sterile neuroinflammation; however, the
underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Dysfunctional mitochondria, a main …

Mitochondrion is known as the energy factory of the cell, which is also a unique mammalian
organelle and considered to be evolved from aerobic prokaryotes more than a billion years …