Background Whether exposure to a single general anaesthetic (GA) in early childhood
causes long-term neurodevelopmental problems remains unclear. Methods …

Background Millions of children experienced surgery procedures requiring general
anesthesia (GA). Any potential neurodevelopmental risks of pediatric anesthesia can be a …

Over the past 20 years, there has been a significant reduction in the incidence of adverse
events associated with sedation outside of the operating room. Non-pharmacologic …

Background Procedural anxiety in children undergoing radiation therapy (RT) is common
and is associated with poor procedural compliance and an increased used of general …

Up to 1% of pregnant women undergo anaesthesia for non‐obstetric surgery. This study
investigated neurodevelopmental outcomes after prenatal anaesthesia for maternal surgery …

Background Emergence delirium is well known as early postoperative behavioral change
after general anesthesia. However, it is unclear whether children with emergence delirium …

Neurodegeneration has been reported in young animals after exposure to all commonly
used general anesthetic agents. The brain may be particularly vulnerable to anesthetic …

Background Neurotoxicity of anaesthetics in developing brain cells is well documented in
preclinical studies, yet results are conflicting in humans. The use of many and different …

Importance Clinical studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes after anesthetic exposure
have evaluated a range of outcomes with mixed results. Objective To examine via meta …

Long-term consequences of anesthetic exposure in humans are not well understood. It is
possible that alterations in brain function occur beyond the initial anesthetic administration …