Numerous studies have demonstrated that rare and unexpected changes in an otherwise
repetitive or structured sound sequence ineluctably break through selective attention and …

The conversion between automated and manual driving is currently an inevitable topic for
automated vehicles. Firstly, from the concepts, types, and key issues of driving mode …

When a conditionally automated vehicle controlled by the machine faces situations beyond
the capability of the machine, the human driver is requested to take over the vehicle. This …

Take-over requests in automated driving should fit the urgency of the traffic situation. The
robustness of various published research findings on the valuations of speech-based …

In conditionally automated driving, drivers decoupled from driving while immersed in non-
driving-related tasks (NDRTs) could potentially either miss the system-initiated takeover …

Objective The present study investigated the design of spatially oriented auditory collision-
warning signals to facilitate drivers' responses to potential collisions. Background Prior …

Task-irrelevant speech and other temporally changing sounds are known to interfere with
the short-term memorization of ordered verbal materials, as compared to silence or …

Designing an effective takeover request (TOR) in conditionally automated vehicles is crucial
to ensure driving safety when the system reaches its limit. In our study, we aimed to …

Short-term memory (STM) for serially presented visual items is disrupted by task-irrelevant,
to-be-ignored speech. Five experiments investigated the extent to which irrelevant speech is …

Ringtones are designed to draw attention away from on-going activities. In the present study,
it was investigated whether the disruptive effects of a ringing cell phone on short-term …