Background Knowledge of biological and climatic controls in terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling
within and across ecosystems is central to understanding global patterns of key ecosystem …

Clay minerals constitute an important component of the soil system and knowledge of their
role in soil fertility is imperative for sustainable soil management and productivity. The aim of …

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere …

The phrase “hot spots and hot moments” first entered the lexicon in 2003, following the
publication of the paper “Biogeochemical hot spots and hot moments at the interface of …

The biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are interlinked
by primary production, respiration and decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. It has been …

New techniques have identified a wide range of organisms with the capacity to carry out
biological nitrogen fixation (BNF)—greatly expanding our appreciation of the diversity and …

Afforestation has been proposed as an effective method of carbon (C) sequestration;
however, the magnitude and direction of soil carbon accumulation following afforestation …

Nitrogen availability is a pivotal control on terrestrial carbon sequestration and global
climate change. Historical and contemporary views assume that nitrogen enters Earth's land …

Human societies depend on an Earth system that operates within a constrained range of
nutrient availability, yet the recent trajectory of terrestrial nitrogen (N) availability is uncertain …

Although low vegetation productivity has been observed in karst regions, whether and how
bedrock geochemistry contributes to the low karstic vegetation productivity remain unclear …