Transmission spectroscopy,–of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapour,
aerosols and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres,. However, these previous …

Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a
crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems,. Access to …

Photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that regulates the
atmospheric composition and stability. However, no unambiguous photochemical products …

Measuring the metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in exoplanet atmospheres is a
fundamental step towards constraining the dominant chemical processes at work and, if in …

Close-in giant exoplanets with temperatures greater than 2,000 K ('ultra-hot Jupiters') have
been the subject of extensive efforts to determine their atmospheric properties using thermal …

WASP-107b is a warm (approximately 740 K) transiting planet with a Neptune-like mass of
roughly 30.5 M⊕ and Jupiter-like radius of about 0.94 RJ (refs.,), whose extended …

Observations of transiting gas giant exoplanets have revealed a pervasive depletion of
methane,,–, which has only recently been identified atmospherically,. The depletion is …

Abstract Upcoming James Webb Space Telescope observations will allow us to study
exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheres in great detail. The physical interpretation of these …

As the closest transiting hot Jupiter to Earth, HD 189733b has been the benchmark planet
for atmospheric characterization,–. It has also been the anchor point for much of our …

The recent inference of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere of the hot (approximately
1,100 K), Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from near-infrared JWST observations …