The term 'perinatal environment'refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a crucial
role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the …

Meta-analysis is a quantitative way of synthesizing results from multiple studies to obtain
reliable evidence of an intervention or phenomenon. Indeed, an increasing number of meta …

Environmental factors interact with biological and genetic factors influencing the
development and well‐being of an organism. The interest in better understanding the role of …

Environmental factors are well‐accepted to play a complex and interdependent role with
genetic factors in learning and memory. The goal of this study was to examine how …

Providing structural enrichment is a widespread refinement method for laboratory rodents
and other animals in captivity. So far, animal welfare research has mostly focused on the …

Postnatal development of the brain is characterized by sensitive windows during which,
local circuitry are drastically reshaped by life experiences. These critical periods (CPs) occur …

Understanding of how selection can act on traits that improve competitiveness and
subsequent paternity has advanced, including the idea that internal and external fertilization …

Environmental enrichment (EE) through combination of social and non-biological stimuli
enhances activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and improves behavioural performance. Our …

Introduction Chronic use of various compounds can have long-lasting effects on animal
behavior, and some of these effects can be influenced by the environment. Many …

Marine artificial structures provide substrates on which organisms can settle and grow.
These structures facilitate establishment and spread of non-indigenous species, in part due …