Mammalian sperm preservation in extenders containing egg yolk (EY) and/or milk has been
used for over half a century. However, the mechanism by which EY or milk protects sperm …

Spermatozoa interact with their immediate environment and this contact remodels the sperm
surface in preparation for fertilisation. These fundamental membrane changes will be …

Equine Reproductive Physiology Breeding and Stud Management, 5th Edition provides a
thorough grounding in equine reproductive anatomy and physiology and applies it to all …

We review recent developments in the technology of freezing stallion sperm, paying special
attention to the molecular lesions that spermatozoa suffer during freezing and thawing, such …

The aim of this study was to determine how different membrane-permeable and-
impermeable cryoprotective agents modulate tolerance of stallion sperm to osmotic stress …

Hen egg yolk is normally used as a cryoprotective agent in semen freezing extenders, but its
use has sanitary and practical disadvantages. Moreover the protection afforded by egg yolk …

Soybean lecithin may represent a suitable alternative to egg yolk for semen
cryopreservation in livestock species. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate …

The process of sperm cryopreservation imparts on sperm cells the stress of low-temperature
and drastic osmotic change. Damage to the cell plasma membrane results in cell injury in a …

Mitochondrial oxygen consumption is a sensitive indicator of spermatozoal health in the
context of cryopreservation. We investigated oxygen consumption of equine sperm …

Artificial insemination offers several potential advantages over natural service. Historically,
the most important reason was the control of venereal diseases, particularly in cattle …