Cancer cells reside amongst a complex milieu of stromal cells and structural features known
as the tumor microenvironment. Often cancer cells divert and co-opt functions of stromal …

Glioblastoma the most aggressive form of brain cancer, comprises a complex mixture of
tumor cells and nonmalignant stromal cells, including neurons, astrocytes, microglia …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable brain tumor in which hypoxic GBM cells (GMs) increase
the production and release of exosomes, which are 30–200 nm vesicles crossing the blood …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognised as a pivotal player in cell-cell
communication, an attribute of EVs that derives from their ability to transport bioactive …

The clinical benefits of immunotherapy are proven in many cancers, but a significant number
of patients do not respond well to immunotherapy. The tumor physical microenvironment …

Glioblastoma (GB) tumors are one of the most insidious cancers which take over the brain
and defy therapy. Over time and in response to treatment the tumor and the brain cells in the …

The detection and killing of neoplastic cells require coordination of a variety of antitumor
effector cells. Natural killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system are at the forefront of the …

Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles released from different cell types including
those in the nervous system, and are enriched in a variety of bioactive molecules such as …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with a malignant
prognosis. GBM is characterized by high cellular heterogeneity and its progression relies on …

Although rare, glioblastoma is a devastating tumor of the central nervous system
characterized by a poor survival and an extremely dark prognosis, making its diagnosis …