Genetic alterations affecting transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) signaling are
exceptionally common in diseases and cancers of the gastrointestinal system. As a regulator …

Appreciation of the entire biological impact of an individual protein can be hampered by its
original naming based on one function only. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP …

The occurrence of strictures as a complication of Crohn's disease is a significant clinical
problem. No specific antifibrotic therapies are available. This systematic review …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including colitis ulcerosa and Crohn's disease, are
chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract for which the cause has not been fully …

A small percentage of pathologically obese subjects with fatty livers develop histological
signs of necroinflammation and fibrosis, suggesting a variety of cofactors in the …

Mesenchymal cells in the intestine comprise a variety of cell types of diverse origins,
functions, and molecular markers. They provide mechanical and structural support and have …

During the last few years, a growing body of evidence has shown that immunological
memory is not an exclusive trait of lymphocytes, as many inflammatory insults can alter the …

In this Review we summarize our current understanding of the biology of mesenchymal cells
of the intestinal lamina propria focusing mainly on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. The topics …

Fibrosis is a chronic and progressive process characterized by an excessive accumulation
of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to stiffening and/or scarring of the involved tissue …

Abstract The TGF beta-1,-2 and-3 isoforms are transcribed from different genes but bind to
the same receptors and signal through the same canonical and non-canonical signal …