Background In the last comprehensive review of the literature published in 2002, little
information on the prevalence of orofacial clefts was available from low-and middle-income …

Background Gastroschisis is strongly associated with young maternal age. This association
suggests the need for further investigations on non-genetic risk factors. Identifying these risk …

Objectives. We investigated the relationship between race/ethnicity and 27 major birth
defects. Methods. We pooled data from 12 population-based birth defects surveillance …

Background During the first three months of pregnancy, the developing embryo may be
susceptible to external and internal factors, which may lead to structural and functional …

The annual National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN) Congenital Malformations
Surveillance Report includes state-level data on major birth defects (ie, conditions present at …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in survival among children with spina bifida by
race/ethnicity and possible prognostic factors in 10 regions of the United States. STUDY …

OBJECTIVE: This study examined changes in survival among children with Down syndrome
(DS) by race/ethnicity in 10 regions of the United States. A retrospective cohort study was …

Background Birth defects are defined as structural and functional defects that develop during
the organogenesis period and present at birth or detected later in life. They are one of the …

Objectives We describe clinical characteristics, pregnancy, and infant outcomes in pregnant
people with laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by trimester of infection. Study …

Objectives. We examined the association between survival of infants with severe congenital
heart defects (CHDs) and community-level indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods. We …