Background: Despite a wide body of literature supporting the use of antenatal antiretrovirals
(ARV) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, there remains a need for continued …

Abstract Purpose of Review Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced
mother to child transmission of HIV, data continue to mount that infants exposed to HIV in …

The congenital disorder 22q11. 2 deletion syndrome (22qDS), characterized by a
hemizygous deletion of 1.5–3 Mb on chromosome 22 at locus 11.2, is the most common …

Objective: Evaluate blood mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in HIV/antiretroviral-exposed
uninfected (HEU) vs. HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) infants and investigate differences in …

We hypothesized that competition between nucleotide reverse‐transcriptase inhibitor
triphosphate and endogenous deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) may lead to …

Objectives HIV and antiretroviral (ART) exposure in utero may have deleterious effects on
the infant, but uncertainty still exists. The objective of this study was to evaluate aspects of …

Objective: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased the risk of HIV mother-
to-child transmission. However, HIV and HAART have been associated with adverse …

Long-term outcomes of perinatal exposure to maternal antiretroviral therapy in HIV-exposed
uninfected (HEU) children are unknown. However, both HIV antiretroviral therapy and …

With the global rollout of mother-to-child prevention programs for women living with HIV,
vertical transmission has been all but eliminated in many countries. However, the number of …

Transplacental nucleoside analogue exposure can affect infant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
We evaluated mitochondria in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with and …