Simple Summary In the current review, we gathered and summarized the up-to-date
information on the life cycle, distribution, outbreaks, control, and health issues to humans …

BACKGROUND Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is a relevant global pest
due to severe damage caused on agricultural crops and its capacity to evolve resistance to …

Background: Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) is a prominent agricultural insect pest that has
developed resistance to a variety of insecticide classes. In this study, the resistance of three …

Background Developing pesticide‐controlled release formulations with foliage adhesion has
become the focus of current research in the field of crop protection. In this study, an excellent …

The beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) is an important pest of field and vegetable
crops in Pakistan. Due to persistent use of insecticides, it developed high levels of …

BACKGROUND Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is one of the most important pests in the
world. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is widely used in the control of agricultural and forestry …

The tomato borer Tuta absoluta is a major pest of tomato mainly controlled by chemical
insecticides. However, development of resistance to specific chemical classes has made …

The armyworm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest of
cotton (Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus; Malvaceae), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum Linnaeus; …

The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is still a serious pest of non-Bt crops in
Asia and Africa. It has been a notorious pest in developing resistance to all the insecticide …

The dusky cotton bug, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa (Lygaidae: Hemiptera), is
polyphagous in nature and has become one of the severe sucking pests of cotton in …