The objective of this paper is to focus on the technical issues of single-stage thermo-electric
coolers (TECs) and two-stage TECs and then apply new methods in optimizing the …

Thermoelectric Devices are solid state devices which directly convert thermal energy to
electrical energy and vice versa. In the recent past, a lot of effort has been made to improve …

With increasing demand for energy harvesting systems, research has been conducted in
different areas in which Thermoelectric Generators (TEG) find their way into the top of many …

Thermo-electric Coolers (TECs) nowadays are applied in a wide range of thermal energy
systems. This is due to their superior features where no refrigerant and dynamic parts are …

The field of thermo-electric coolers (TEC) has grown drastically in recent years. In an
extreme environment such as thermal energy and gas drilling operations, TEC is an effective …

The efficient thermal management of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) as a sustainable cooling
technology is important. The energy loss, electrical power requirement, and irreversibility of …

Numerous recent reports indicate that buildings account for more than forty percent of total
energy consumption. A major cause of the current energy crisis is the proliferation of HVAC …

Accepted: 12 August 2020 Thermoelectric coolers (TECs) use the Peltier effect for thermal
management of electronic devices. They offer high reliability and low noise operation but …