Bivalves' immunity has received much more attention in the last decade, which resulted to a
valuable growth in the availability of its molecular components. Such data availability …

Hemocytes play vital roles in the immune response. Despite progress in the characterization
of molluscan hemocytes and immune cells, including their cellular receptors and signal …

Background Bivalves comprise a large, highly diverse taxon of invertebrate species.
Developmental studies of neurogenesis among species of Bivalvia are limited. Due to a lack …

The nervous system expresses neuromolecules that play a crucial role in regulating
physiological processes. Neuromolecule synthesis can be regulated by oxygen-dependent …

Most freshwater mussels have an unusual life cycle that requires host fish species for larval
(glochidia) development and dispersal. Glochidia have a unique morphological structure …

In bivalves neurotransmitters are involved in a variety of behaviors, but their diversity and
distribution in the nervous system of these organisms remains somewhat unclear. Here, we …

Studies on invertebrate immune receptors can provide insights into characteristics specific to
innate immune system. Here, eight α and three β integrins are identified from an …

Fast growth is one of the most important breeding goals for all economic species such as the
Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), an aquaculture mollusk with top global production …

Rotenone, as a common pesticide and insecticide frequently found in environmental
samples, may be present in aquatic habitats worldwide. Exposure to low concentrations of …

The stem cells discipline represents one of the most dynamic areas in biology and
biomedicine. The vast majority of research on stem cells is being conducted in vertebrate …