Abstract Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), their possible shocks and sheaths,
and co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) are the primary large-scale heliospheric structures …

In this paper we present an assessment of the status of models of the global solar wind in
the inner heliosphere. We limit our discussion to the class of models designed to provide …

Using 65,133 hourly averages of transpolar voltage (ΦPC) from observations made over 25
yr by the SuperDARN radars, with simultaneous SML and interpolated am geomagnetic …

Solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling functions have now been in use for almost 50 years. In
that time, a very large number of formulations have been proposed. As they become …

Abstract The Carrington storm (1859 September 1/2) is one of the largest magnetic storms
ever observed, and it caused global auroral displays in low-latitude areas, together with a …

We study the semi-annual variation in geomagnetic activity, as detected in the geomagnetic
indices am, aa H, AL, Dst and the four aσ indices derived for 6-hour MLT sectors (around …

Stream interaction regions (SIRs) are important sources of geomagnetic storms. In this work,
we first extend the end time of the widely used SIR catalog developed by Jian et al.(2006 …

Ultralow frequency (ULF) waves in the magnetosphere are involved in the energization and
transport of radiation belt particles and are strongly driven by the external solar wind …

The first extensive study of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) characteristics and stability at
Mercury is undertaken using MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and …

We use 214,410 hourly observations of transpolar voltage, ΦPC, from 25 years'
observations by the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network radars to confirm the central tenet of …