Raman spectroscopy (RS). It was first observed that molecules of interest, when excited in
the vicinity of or on rough metal substrates, exhibited an increase in Raman scattering up to …

Because forensics is so diverse and extensive, it can be difficult to hold the entire field to this
standard. The National Academy of Sciences published a report outlining the current state of …

For decades Raman spectroscopy has been used as a specialized tool in a variety of fields.
Forensic science is one discipline in particular that has greatly benefited from the application …

The traces produced when a firearm is discharged can provide important information in
cases when questions regarding a possible association of the firearm with a person of …

Gunshot residue (GSR) is one of the few forensic disciplines that lack accurate screening
techniques. This study proposes using a mobile LIBS instrument to detect inorganic GSR …

Gunshot residues (GSR) are routinely exploited by forensic scientists in the investigation of
firearm‐related events. While many new techniques are daily reported in the literature for the …

A comprehensive review of the literature concerning all aspects of sampling and analytical
techniques used for the determination of organic gunshot residue (OGSR) compounds is …

Presented is a review of scientific literature from the past two decades on the various
aspects affecting deposition, persistence, and collection of organic and inorganic gunshot …

The present manuscript makes an extensive review of the scientific approaches developed
in the last decade involving infrared and Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics …

The identification of firearms is of paramount importance for investigating crimes involving
firearms, as it establishes the link between a particular firearm and firearm-related elements …