Due to exponential growth of digital world the online data is also drastically increasing. This
multimedia data may contain text, video, audio, and images. After the Covid-19 pandemic …

With the expansion of IOTs and Wireless devices, data transmission has increased over the
internet. Maintaining security during data transmission using invisible watermarks has …

Image watermarking technology poses a significant challenge, requiring a delicate balance
between robustness, imperceptibility, and capacity. To solve the balancing problem, a …

Medical data are increasing drastically due to the vast development of medical sciences.
The security of this immense data is also a challenge of the present era. Image …

The contemporary context of abundant digital dissemination inherently gives rise to the need
for media protection and the clear identification of ownership rights. This paper responded to …

Image moments, as a kind of global feature descriptor of images, have become a valuable
tool for pattern recognition and image analysis. However, traditional methods are mainly …

Digital watermarking technology is an important means to effectively protect three-
dimensional (3D) model data. Among them,“blind detection” and “robustness” are key and …

The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, which can be used to diagnose cardiovascular
disorders, is one of the most significant segment of medical data. The sharing of digitized …

Vector graphics has been employed in a wide variety of applications due to its scalability
and editability. A drawing in a standard vector graphics file, such as SVG (Scalable Vector …

Fingerprint is a key component of biometric identification, several systems highlight
singularity features such as core and delta point detection. Balti introduced a fingerprint …